US mint marks: P, D, S, W, CC, O and C explained

A mint mark is a letter that tells you which US mint made the coin.

Mints that mark coins today
4
P, D, S and W
Philadelphia coins before 1980
No mark
with a few exceptions
1965 to 1967
No marks
no US coin carries one

The letters are P (Philadelphia), D (Denver), S (San Francisco) and W (West Point), plus O, CC, C and an older D on coins from mints that have closed. The mark sits in a different spot on each coin, so look it up by series. Two coins with the same date and different marks can be very different coins.

The US mints and their marks

Philadelphia was the only mint at first. Other mints were opened as branch mints and put a letter on their coins so the output could be told apart. Dimes, quarters, halves and dollars that matter to collectors mostly come from P, D, S, O and CC.

US Mint facilities that struck coins, with their marks
MarkMintYears of coin productionNotes
PPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania1793 to todayThe first US Mint. Coins dated before 1980 carry no mark, except wartime nickels (1942 to 1945) and the 1979 Susan B. Anthony dollar, which carries a P.
CCharlotte, North Carolina1838 to 1861Gold coins only.
DDahlonega, Georgia1838 to 1861Gold coins only. Not the same mint as the Denver D.
ONew Orleans, Louisiana1838 to 1861, 1879 to 1909Silver and gold coins, including Morgan dollars.
SSan Francisco, California1854 to todaySilver and gold coins from 1854. Today mostly proof and collector coins.
CCCarson City, Nevada1870 to 1893Silver and gold. Carson City Morgan dollars are among the most collected.
DDenver, Colorado1906 to todayLarge producer of coins for circulation.
WWest Point, New York1974 to todayCoins from West Point carried no mark until 1984. Now used on gold, platinum and silver bullion, commemoratives and some quarters.

Manila (M) also struck coins for the Philippines under US control from 1920. Those are not US coins.

What "no mint mark" means

  • Before 1980: a coin without a mark was struck in Philadelphia. The exceptions are wartime nickels (1942 to 1945), which carry a large P above Monticello, and the Susan B. Anthony dollar (1979 to 1999), the first coin with a P since those nickels.
  • 1965 to 1967: no US coin has a mint mark. The Mint left them off to discourage hoarding. Marks came back in 1968, moved to the front of the coin on dimes, quarters and half dollars.
  • 1980 to 2016: every Philadelphia coin has a P except the Lincoln cent, which stayed unmarked. A "P" cent exists only for 2017.
  • A mark you cannot see: on a worn coin the letter can be hard to read. Look again under a loupe before deciding there is none.

Where to find the mint mark

Hold the coin in good light and use a 5x to 10x loupe. These positions come from our series pages.

Mint mark position by coin
CoinWhere the mark is
Lincoln Wheat CentOn the obverse, below the date.
Buffalo NickelOn the reverse, below the words FIVE CENTS.
Jefferson War NickelOn the reverse, a large P, D or S above the dome of Monticello. Wartime nickels are the only ones to carry a P for Philadelphia.
Mercury DimeOn the reverse, to the left of the fasces, between the E in ONE and the base of the olive branch.
Roosevelt DimeOn the reverse, at the lower left to the left of the torch.
Washington QuarterOn the reverse, below the wreath.
Washington Quarter (Clad)From 1968, on the obverse to the right of Washington's neck., and none carry one in 1965 to 1967.
Walking Liberty Half DollarOn the obverse below the letters TR of TRUST for 1916 and some 1917 coins; on the reverse near the lower left rim from later 1917 onward.
Franklin Half DollarOn the reverse, above the yoke of the bell and below the E in STATES.
Kennedy Half Dollar1964: on the reverse beneath the eagle's claws. 1968 onward: on the obverse below the bust.
Morgan DollarOn the reverse, below the wreath and above the letters ONE.
Peace DollarOn the reverse, at the lower left near the word ONE.
Saint-Gaudens Double EagleOn the obverse, just above the date. The 1907 High Relief coins carry no mint mark.
Eisenhower DollarOn the obverse, below Eisenhower's bust. Philadelphia coins have no mint mark.
Susan B. Anthony DollarOn the obverse, beside Anthony's shoulder. Philadelphia coins carry a P, the first P on a US coin since the wartime nickels.
Indian Head CentOn the reverse, below the wreath (San Francisco only, 1908 and 1909). All other dates were struck in Philadelphia and have no mint mark.
Standing Liberty QuarterOn the obverse, at the base of the wall to the left of Liberty's visible foot. Philadelphia coins have no mint mark.
Barber DimeOn the reverse, beneath the wreath. Philadelphia coins have no mint mark.

Key dates where the mint mark matters

Same date, four marks: the 1893 Morgan dollar

IssueMintageMint
1893 Morgan Dollar378,000Philadelphia
1893-CC Morgan Dollar677,000Carson City
1893-O Morgan Dollar300,000New Orleans
1893-S Morgan Dollar100,000San Francisco

All four are 1893 and 90% silver. The mint mark tells you which one: the 100,000 struck in San Francisco are the scarcest.

Where the mark sets the mintage: Lincoln cents and Mercury dimes

IssueMintageMint
1909-S V.D.B. Lincoln Wheat Cent484,000San Francisco
1914-D Lincoln Wheat Cent1,193,000Denver
1916-D Mercury Dime264,000Denver
1932-D Washington Quarter436,800Denver

In each case the Philadelphia coin of the same year was struck in the millions, so a missing or different mint mark changes what the coin is.

Our pages cover every date and mark in these series. Search a date on the coin catalog to see its mintage and melt value.

How to check your coin

  1. Find the date. The mark rules depend on the year.
  2. Find the mark in the spot listed above. Tilt the coin so light rakes across the field. A small letter can hide in a worn or toned area.
  3. Compare to the mintage for that date and mark. Low mintage dates are the ones that matter.
  4. Be careful with expensive dates. Mint marks have been added to common coins to fake scarce ones. For a coin that would be worth real money with its mark, have PCGS or NGC authenticate it before paying or selling.
  5. Check the metal. A coin may be worth more for its silver than as a common date. See how to tell if a coin is silver.

Sources

  • Mint facilities, dates and marks: Wikipedia, Mint mark (United States section), which cites the US Mint and R.S. Yeoman, A Guide Book of United States Coins (the Red Book).
  • Position of the mark and mintages: the series pages on Lustre, each of which lists its own sources (Wikipedia, citing the Red Book; Landofcoins mintage tables; PCGS and NGC price guides for key dates).
  • For authentication of altered marks: PCGS and NGC.

Not investment advice. Lustre is not investment, tax or legal advice. Prices move and you can lose money buying metals or coins. Read the editorial policy to see how prices and figures are sourced.

Questions

Quick answers

What does the mint mark on a coin mean?

It is a letter that shows which US Mint facility struck the coin. P is Philadelphia, D is Denver, S is San Francisco and W is West Point. Older coins also use O (New Orleans), CC (Carson City) and C or D for the Charlotte and Dahlonega gold mints.

What does it mean if a coin has no mint mark?

On most US coins dated before 1980 it means the coin was struck in Philadelphia. Some coins have no mint mark for other reasons: all US coins dated 1965 to 1967, and Philadelphia Lincoln cents from 1980 to 2016.

Where is the mint mark on a coin?

It depends on the coin and the year. On a Lincoln wheat cent it is under the date. On a Mercury dime it is on the back, left of the bundle of rods. On a Morgan dollar it is on the back, under the wreath. The table on this page lists the spot for each series.

Which mint mark is rarest?

It depends on the coin. A mint mark is only rare when that mint struck few coins of that date, such as the 1909-S V.D.B. cent (484,000), the 1916-D dime (264,000) or the 1893-S Morgan dollar (100,000).

Does the mint mark change what a coin is worth?

Often. Two coins with the same date and different mint marks can differ in price by a lot, because the mints struck very different numbers. Silver and gold coins are always worth at least their metal value.

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